STRENGTHENING BCG VACCINE POLICY FOR UNIVERSAL ACCESS IN NIGERIA: AN EVIDENCE-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR TUBERCULOSIS PREVENTION.

Tuberculosis remains a significant public health concern in Nigeria, making effective BCG vaccine delivery essential. This study examines the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine as a critical public health intervention and explores its policy implications for Nigeria. Despite its inclusion in the National Immunisation Programme, challenges such as uneven coverage, inadequate cold chain systems, and weak governance continue to hinder universal access. Drawing on a qualitative policy review and stakeholder analysis, this paper develops an evidence-based policy framework to strengthen BCG delivery by improving governance, integrating primary health care (PHC), and engaging communities. The findings emphasise the need for an effective immunisation policy that guarantees equitable, sustainable, and universal access to BCG vaccination across all PHCs in Nigeria. Keywords: BCG vaccine, tuberculosis prevention, immunisation policy, primary health care, Nigeria.