A significant constitutional reform is under consideration by the National Assembly of Nigeria that seeks to alter the landscape of electoral administration at the local government level. The proposed bill titled “A Bill for an Act to Alter the Provisions of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 to Relieve the State Independent Electoral Commissions of the Powers to Conduct Local Government Council Elections and Bestow Same on the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)” marks a critical step in the pursuit of credible and uniform elections across the country.
Background
Under the current provisions of the 1999 Constitution (as amended), State Independent Electoral Commissions (SIECs) are empowered to conduct elections into local government councils within their respective states. However, over the years, there have been widespread concerns over the credibility, transparency, and independence of these elections. Allegations of partisanship, undue influence from state executives, and poor electoral standards have led to a growing demand for reform.
The Rationale for Constitutional Amendment
The core objective of this amendment is to transfer the responsibility for conducting local government elections from SIECs to the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). Advocates of this move argue that INEC, with its nationwide structure, established credibility, and experience in conducting national and state elections, is better positioned to ensure free, fair, and credible local government elections.
Key justifications for the proposed amendment include:
Uniformity in Electoral Processes: A centralized electoral body can enforce consistent standards, procedures, and timelines across all tiers of government.
Improved Credibility and Public Trust: INEC’s relative independence from state governments may enhance voter confidence and reduce allegations of electoral manipulation.
Administrative Efficiency and Cost-Effectiveness: Utilizing INEC’s existing infrastructure and resources may lead to more efficient use of public funds and manpower.
Deepening Democracy: Strengthening the autonomy and legitimacy of local government councils can promote grassroots democracy and development.
Implications of the Amendment
The bill introduced by Rt. Hon. Ikenga Ugochinyere,if passed would necessitate constitutional changes, particularly to Section 197 and related schedules that establish and empower the SIECs. INEC would be legally mandated to organize, undertake, and supervise all elections to the offices of Chairman and Councilors in the 774 local government areas across Nigeria.
However, this shift would also pose administrative challenges, including:
The need for additional funding and logistical support for INEC.
Potential opposition from state governments wary of losing control over local politics.
The requirement for constitutional consensus, including passage by two-thirds of the National Assembly and ratification by at least two-thirds of state Houses of Assembly.
Conclusion
The proposed constitutional alteration reflects an evolving democratic landscape in Nigeria, aiming to strengthen the electoral process and enhance governance at the grassroots level. While the transfer of electoral duties to INEC poses operational challenges, it presents a bold opportunity to deepen electoral integrity and public trust in local government administration.
As the National Assembly deliberates this pivotal bill, its outcome will significantly influence the future of local democracy and the institutional framework of Nigeria’s electoral system.
